The branch of medicine that deals with the detection, treatment and prevention of cancer is termed as Oncology. An oncologist is one who practices oncology and treats patients with cancer. In the early days the detection of cancer almost marred all the hopes of a person’s long life. As and when we are progressing medically and scientifically, researchers are finding out preventive ways to arrest cancer. In spite of it all cancer remains a disease which kills in huge numbers every day. Cancer occurs when the cells start to multiply abnormally. This proves to be malignant and in majority of the cases leads to the death of the person. Once the cells grow rapidly they begin to hamper the tissues which build the organs. This abnormal growth of a tissue leads to the development of a tumor.
We are only working with the best oncology units in entire Turkey.
Tumor and its types
• Malignant tumors: these tumors are a threat to life. Since they are malignant, they can thus, cause death to a person. In spite of being removed, they have a tendency of growing back which indeed is not a good sign. This leads to the spreading of the cancerous cells in and around the organs.
• Benign tumors: these tumors do not pose a threat to a person’s life but they have to be kept under check and should not be neglected.
Branches of Oncology
The three branches of oncology deal with the detection and prevention of cancer. These are
- Surgical oncology: this branch deals in treating and removing the tumor. Drugs are prescribed to patients as well as surgery of the cancerous tumors is also conducted.
- Medical oncology: it is that branch of oncology which prescribes medicinal drugs or gives chemotherapy to the patients with cancer.
- Radiation oncology: ionizing radiation is given to the patient to cure cancer.
How is Chemotherapy applied?
Chemotherapy is the most available treatment for cancer. It destroys the cancer cells in the tumor and improves the health of the patient. Chemotherapy also helps in the prevention of the growth and spread of the cancerous cells. Regular sessions of chemotherapy, as prescribed by doctors, can have a positive effect on the patients. However, it does not always succeed in killing the cancerous cells.
Side-effects of Chemotherapy
Once the cancer patient undergoes chemotherapy, then he or she might experience the following effects
- Extreme fatigue and tiredness
- Unwillingness to eat anything
- Excessive or mild nausea
- Bowel issues like constipation and diarrhea
- Rapid hair loss
- Sores in the mouth
- Skin rashes
- Nail problems
Types of cancer
- Carcinoma: in this type, cancer affects the cells that line skin or the tissue of the lining organs like liver or kidneys.
- Sarcoma: this type of cancer can occur in part of the body. It is a general and broad term for cancers that start affecting the bones and gradually spread to the soft connective tissues.
- Melanoma: it occurs from the melanocytes, which give the skin its pigmentation. It generally affects the skin but might also affect the mouth, eyes or intestines.
- Lymphoma: lymphocytes or the infection-fighting cells are affected by this type of cancer. It affects the spleen, thymus, bone marrow, etc.
- Leukemia: blood or bone marrow cancer is known as leukemia. It affects leukocytes or the white blood cells.
